Gas Laws and Phase Changes
Having learned about the chemical and physical properties of matter and how they are measured, students will now have the opportunity to apply those skills in predicting and calculating phase changes and the behavior of gases through the major gas laws.
This is a good chapter to cover early in the year, because the prequisite knowledge needed is pretty basic: making measurements, working with significant figures, and the algebra behind the gas laws equations. This can be taught without any prior knowledge of the structure of atoms, the periodic table, or chemical reactions.
Gas Laws and Phase Changes Powerpoint Lecture
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Purpose: This Powerpoint provides a basic outline of the important concepts from this chapter, starting with temperature and phase changes, then moving through the three gas laws: Boyle's, Amonton's, and Charles'. Real-life examples of the different laws are provided when possible. The chapter ends with the ideal gas law.
Essential Concepts: Temperature, kinetic energy, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, phase change, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, deposition, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Amonton's Law.
Gas Laws and Phase Changes Notes Outline
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Purpose: This is a fillable notes outline to accompany the particulate nature of matter Powerpoint. These are helpful to use if you have students who struggle with effective note-taking and either write nothing down at all or try to write everything (and fail to listen to actual lecture).
Essential Concepts: Temperature, kinetic energy, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, phase change, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, deposition, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Amonton's Law.
Scientific Notation Worksheet
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Purpose: As the students move into units of measurement that are either extremely small or extremely large, the use of scientific notation becomes essential. In this worksheet, students will learn how to convert very large and very small numbers into scientific notation and how to input scientific notation into their calculators correctly.
Essential Concepts: Scientific notation, mass, density
Metric Conversions Worksheet
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Throughout this chapter, students may need to convert between the different prefixes of metric measurement, such as kilo, centi, and milli. This worksheet shows them how to do these conversions quickly and easily.
Essential concepts: Metric conversions, metric prefixes
States of Matter and Phase Changes Worksheet
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Purpose: This worksheet will give the students some instruction and practice with the behavior of atoms and molecules in the three main states of matter:solid, liquid, and gas. The relationship between these states and temperature will also be explained.
Essential Concepts: Matter, atoms, molecules, states of matter, solid, liquid, gas, temperature.
PhET Simulation: States of Matter Worksheet
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Purpose: PhET is a collection of interactive simulations published by the University of Colorado Boulder, most of which center around concepts of physics and chemistry. In this simulation, students will visualize the changes in the kinetic energy (movement) of particles of different elements and compounds as they are heated and cooled through their three phases.
Essential Concepts: Heat, temperature, phase change, states of matter
Chemthink - Gas Laws
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Purpose: This Chemthink tutorial gives students interactive illustrations of the behavior of gas particles and how they respond to changes in temperature, pressure, or volume. Each major gas law is introduced in this module.
Essential Concepts: Gas Laws, temperature, pressure, volume, Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, Amonton's Law.
PhET Gas Properties Simulation
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Purpose: This module from PhET provides interactive simulations of each of the three gas laws - Boyle's, Charles', and Amonton's. Students will experiment with each simulation and deduce the type of relationship present between pressure and volume, pressure and temperature, and volume and temperature.
Essential Concepts: Gas Laws, temperature, pressure, volume, Boyle's Law, Charles' Law, Amonton's Law.
Amonton's Law Worksheet
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Purpose: Amonton's law, also known as the Gay-Lussac law, describes the relationship between pressure and temperature. As the pressure of a gas increases, temperature increases proportionally if volume is held constant. In this worksheet, students will solve a series of word problems using the equation derived from this law.
Essential Concepts: Gas Laws, Amonton's Law, pressure, temperature.
Boyle's Law Worksheet
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Purpose: Boyle's Law describes the relationship between pressure and volume. As the pressure of a gas increases, pressure decreases proportionally if temperature is held constant. In this worksheet, students will solve a series of word problems using the equation derived from this law.
Essential Concepts: Gas Laws, Boyle's Law, volume, pressure
Charles' Law Worksheet
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Purpose: Charles' Law describes the relationship between temperature and volume. As the temperature of a gas increases, volume increases proportionally if pressure is held constant. In this worksheet, students will solve a series of word problems using the equation derived from this law.
Essential Concepts: Gas Laws, Boyle's Law, volume, pressure
Ideal Gas Law Worksheet
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Purpose: The Ideal Gas Law combines Avagadro's gas law dealing with the number of molecules in a gas with those of Boyle, Charles, and Gay-Lussac. This equation can predict the volume, pressure, temperature, or number of molecules of a gas when each of the other conditions is known.
Essential Concepts: Gas Laws, Ideal Gas Law, temperature, volume, pressure
Gas Laws and Phase Changes Study Guide
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Purpose: Once the instruction for the unit is completed, students can complete this study guide to aid in their preparation for a written test. The study guide is divided into two sections: vocabulary and short answer questions. The vocabulary words can be found scattered throughout the different instructional worksheets from this unit. The short answer questions are conceptual and meant to see if the students are able to apply what they've learned in the unit.
Essential Concepts: Temperature, kinetic energy, Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, phase change, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, deposition, Charles' Law, Boyle's Law, and Amonton's Law.
